How to produce palm oil, how to prepare palm oil, how to get palm oil from palm nuts, how to produce red oil, all these sums up to palm nut processing. Palms nuts are obtained from palm trees. The palm tree is richly found in rain forest vegetation of West Africa. Its plantation is made by planting itsnuts into the soil. A palm tree stays up to 35 years or more, and can grow up to 30 feet tall. As the palm nuts ripen, it is brought down by climbing the palm tree with a rope, and that isif the palm tree is tall. The leaf node is periodically cut so as to enforce and sustain the growth of the palm tree. As the palm nuts begin to develop and mature in its cavity, they do clinch to a head normally called “head of palm nut” or “palm head”. At a stage when the palmnuts have ripened they can be counted up to 1500-4000nuts clinching to a head of palm nut. Apalm tree can produce up to 4-5 palm heads at a time, depending on its capability. When the palm heads are being cut down from the palm tree, a short sharp matchet or a short axe is used to scratch of the palm nuts from the palm heads. Now as the palm nuts had been scratched off from the palm head, the palm nuts are manually extracted from its thorn-like cavity. After that the palm nuts are washed and packaged for processing. After packaging and washing the palmnuts, the next step is for it to be conveyed to an oil mill. The oil mill is the nerve centre for processing the palm nuts. Now that the palm nuts is in the oil mill, the palm nuts are to be emptied into a big pot containing water, so that the cooking will take place. The next step now is cooking of the palm nuts that are in the pot. The cooking will last for about 2-3 hours depending on the quantity of the palm nuts, cum the intensity of heat that were applied to it. After when the cooking has exiled, the next procedure is for it to be pounded either manually or using a pounding machine. As the palm nuts has been pounded into a pulp containing the palm kernels,fibres and oil. The mixture will now be conveyed into an extracting or compressing machine. The compressing machine will compress the mixture for the oil to sip out from the mixture. After the compression, the end product willbe palm oil “elaeis guineensis”, which has been sipped out from the mixture. After this, the pulp will be conveyed into an empty container where the pulp will be manually separated from the palm kernel. And the palm oil will be poured into a can or any available container depending on how you want to get it stored. The pulp is used in the production of fibres, while some parts of West Africa do mould it to a palm stick, and it is used in the night as candles which aids vision. The palm kernel also has its own oil when processed and refined. The oil is called palm kernel oil. The palm kernel oil is used for both household and medical purposes. The palm kernel can also be chewed when its shells are broken. The shells also have its own useful purposes. The palm oil “Elaeis Guineensis” is reddish in colour because it contains “beta-carotene”. Palm oil is rich in vitamin A, and also contains several saturated and unsaturated fats in forms of glyceryl laurate at about 0.1%, mystate 1.0% saturated, palmitate 44.0%, stearate 5.0%, oleate is 39.0% which is mono saturated, linoleate 10% which is polyunsaturated, and linolenate is 0.3% and it is poly unsaturated. Palm oil does not contain cholesterol, and its less saturated to coconut and palm kernel oil which are highly saturated. The difference between palm kernel oil and palm oil “Elaeis guineensis” is that palm oil is extracted from the pulp of the fruit of the oil palm, whereas palm kernel oil is derived from the kernel seed of the oil palm. And that of “coconutoil” is from the kernel of coconut “cocos nucifera”. The coconut tree is like that of palm tree in nature, but the differences are that the stem of coconut is smoother than that of palm tree,and their heights also varies. There is also difference in their mode of plantation, size and anatomy of their fruits respectively. Palm oil is a cooking ingredient in West Africa, Brazil, South East Asia etc. In Nigeria; it is mainly used for cooking, and also as grease in some industries.Its increasing use in the commercial food industries in other parts of the globe is buoyed by its lower cost, and the high oxidative stability or saturation of the refined product when used for frying. Some of the major producers of palm oil include; Indonesia, Malaysia, Nigeria, Colombia, Benin, Ghana, Kenya, etc.
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